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Abstract: The article shows, which theoretical conceptions of the great scholar still live in modern philology and which interpretations of literary works have stood the test of time and are being actively used in higher and secondary school teaching. Special emphasis is laid on the following conceptions of the final monograph by N. L. Leiderman: insistent thoughts about the necessity of correlation of systemic theoretical propositions with concrete facts of the historical-literary process; about the dominant essence of the world modeling function of the genre; and about the main factors and carriers of the genre. The article reveals the complex structure of the book, which makes it possible to demonstrate the logic of scientific investigation of the basic stages of the genre evolution of the Russian (and not only Russian) literature. Special attention is paid to the genre conception of the 20th century literature, which is treated by the scholar as a transition epoch, during which both classical and non-classical historical-literary systems equally influenced each other.