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Abstract: The article is devoted to the comparative analysis of the ways to translate Russia realities to the French and Spanish languages. The source of the material is represented by translations of the political detective story “The Stolen Dream” written by A. Marinina. The author of the article has introduced the subject classification of 137 Russian realities collected by the method of continuous sampling from the work by A. Marinina. The research focuses on revealing and generalizing of the prevailing ways to translate the realities. Considerable attention is paid to the analysis of their frequency rate in both languages, and to setting the pattern in choosing this or that way of translation. The research shows that the functional analogue is the absolute leader in different translations that shows that the translators try to reproduce the content. There also combined methods of translation of realia; they are listed and analyzed. Besides the well-known and most frequently used ways to translate realia special cases of translation are revealed. The contrastive method of analysis of the original text and the target text is the main method to investigate the objectives within this research. The comparative method consists in studying the similarities and differences in the approach of the French and Spanish languages translators to choosing the ways of translation. The descriptive method to interpret the realia is used, as well as the elements of the quantitative method, the method of semantic analysis, and the elements of etymological analysis. The theoretical significance of the research consists in setting forth the linguistic selection problem and systematizing of different kinds of realia from the perspective of their translation.