Journal archive

Abstract: The article is devoted to the analysis of the poem «Panpipe» («Tsevnitsa») by M. Lermontov and its genre nature. In understanding of the literary genre, the article relies on N. L. Leiderman’s concept. It draws attention to the fact that at the heart of any genre lies a certain canon that carries in itself the memory of the prototypes or archetypes that were formed in the earliest epoch of the existence of human consciousness. The author of the article is convinced by N. L. Leiderman's idea about the existence of more or less stable types of content characteristic of specific genres. Genre content is characterized by such aspects as subject matter, problems, aesthetic pathos and the extent of the scope of reality, and is conditioned by the generic meaning that specifies the relationship between the man and the world. Following S. I. Ermolenko, the author believes that the structure of the lyric genre is determined by a flexible but stable relationship between the type of lyric subject (the type of subject organization), the nature of the intonational-melodic system and the «background» associated with each genre. The meaning that is acquired in the structure of the lyric genre by the subjective organization of the text and the form of expression of the author's ideas is obvious. In the work of such poet as M. Lermontov, with his penchant for open confession, the problem of expressing the author's mind is even more important. The author reveals traditions of anthological miniature, elegy and epitaph in the poem «Panpipe». At the same time, the specificity of certain genre-forming elements functioning in the text does not allow to attribute the fiction to any one of these genres unconditionally. Interwoven with each other within a single poem, representative motives and images acquire an atypical meaning, complicating the text in the question of matching the canon. In addition, the specificity of genre structures revealed during the analysis leads to the formation of several subjects of consciousness within the «Panpipe». Each of them has its own vision of the worldview. The author believes that such an organization of the poem’s text is caused by the complicated attitude of M. Lermontov to the genre tradition of an anthological miniature: when entering into polemics with it, the young author is forced to clearly present the object of discussion in order to convey the content of the dispute to the reader.