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Abstract: Essay V. B. Shklovsky “The Protest of Models” is considered in the optics of installation and collage. Corresponding to the principles of graphic unity, the text of the essay is a combination of literary theories that are largely separated from each other. The article shows the “valences” of these theories (there are border between reality and fiction, dialogue between Author and Hero, problems of prototype and other), which the author outlined thesis, but not deployed into a coherent consistent statement. Due to the principles of structural analysis of the text formulated by R. Barthes in his monograph “S/Z”, each element of the author’s statement is considered separately (in the article, each of 13 sentences is numbered). These elements are attributed to linguistic (features of the rema-thematic division of the text, the specifics of the structural links) and historical and literary comments (explanations related to fiction of the 60th of XIX century are given: memoirs of Ivan Panaev, Nicolay Akhsharumov’s story “The Model” and the contemporary author’s context: the memoirs of Leonid Degtyarev, the novel by Vsevolod Ivanov “The Death of Iron Division”, pamphlet novels by Veniamin Kaverin and Konstantin Vaginov, as well as prototypes in the“ White Guard ”by Mikhail Bulgakov). It is noted that Shklovsky’s “alien word” “model” is included in the idiostyle and the specifics of his existence in connection with the concept of “fact literature”. Based on the polemics of real criticism of the second half of the 19th century, Shklovsky represents equalizes between different ideological context, thereby achieving a paradoxical correspondence. Special attention is paid to the personal experience behind the analyzed structure. At the end of the article, a hypothesis is put forward on the typological connection of the essay with the article “Monument to a Scientific Error”. The appendix contains tables, where an attempt makes to schematize some theses of the analyzed text.