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Abstract: All artistic groups of non-propagandist writers (so called poputchiks) were forcedly dissolved in USSR in the early 1930s. First Soviet Writers’ Congress held in Moscow in 1934 proclaimed the socialist realism as an only permissible method for the Soviet Literature. It is commonly accepted among the historians that this ideological directive was more or less carried into effect and Soviet literature in the mid 30s became rather uniform — with the exception of only the uncensored and unpublished writers such as Daniil Kharms, Alexander Vvedenskii or Jan Satunovskii. However, discussing the history of loyal — and censored — poetry, we could see that its picture was also much more complicated: soviet poetry was consisting of a few polemizing movements. This paper is a part of a handbook chapter presenting the sketch of these movements: “sentimental populism”, post-Constructivism (group of “usual” Constructivists was dissolved in 1930), “neo-Romanticism” and historical poetry. Here the descriptions of “sentimental populism” and historical poetry are presented.