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Abstract: The article studies sacred vocabulary in the “Explanatory Dictionary of the Russian Language” (EDRL) edited by D. N. Ushakov. The scope of the sacred vocabulary under study is limited in the article to the lexemes related to the religious sphere of Orthodox Christianity, which was subjected to the most severe obstruction during the first years of the Soviet power. The article analyzes the quantitative aspect of the sacred vocabulary in the EDRL, the ways of meaning representation of individual lexemes, and the techniques of desemantization and desacralization of lexical units related to Christian culture. The practical research material embraces the complete corpus of the EDRL, as well as the corresponding articles (used for comparison) of the Dictionary of the Russian language edited by Ya. K. Grot, A. A. Shakhmatov, et al. (St. Petersburg, 1891–1936). Special attention is paid to the illustrative material of dictionary entries. The scientific novelty of the article is associated with the generalization of the results of a comprehensive analysis of the speech strategies of the authors of the EDRL arti- cles in the process of the sacred vocabulary representation in the most “godless” period of the Soviet history of Russia. The conclusions of this study correlate with the available observations of the specificity of the EDRL. It is shown that the authors of the EDRL managed to preserve the sacred vocabulary in the dictionary in sufficient volume, with relevant meanings, as well as to find the optimal balance between the Orthodox worldview of Rus- sian speakers and the new requirements of the Soviet leadership, who directly supervised the work on compiling the dictionary. The speech strategies that made it possible to include sacred vocabulary into the dictionary of the Soviet era were: the use of lowercase letters in words traditionally capitalized; the exclusion of sacred meanings of polysemous words (e.g., “vladyka”); a system of notes referring a word with a sacred meaning to the sphere of “Christian mythology” or poetic language; a set of speech formulae in the field of the word meaning in a dictionary entry (“so-called”, “from the world of fantasy”, etc.); desemantization of sacred vocabulary by specifying the use of a lexeme only in the function of an interjection (e.g., “Lord!”, “God!”, etc.); quotes from the writings of ideologists of the Soviet era as illustrative material to a word with a sacred meaning, etc. The EDRL is a unique document of the epoch, reflecting a turning point in the history of Russia and in the Russian language.

Об авторе (авторах) :

 

 

About the author(s) :

Darya B. Tereshkina

Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration (RANEPA) (Novgorod Branch) (Veliky Novgorod, Russia)

ORCID ID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2079-1116

Publication Timeline:

Date of receipt: 01.11.2023; date of publication: 30.12.2023

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