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Abstract: The problem field of the article is shaped by the study of the correlation of lexicographic entries of words of a certain epoch in projection on their functioning in speech practices that determine the dynamics of language processes. The “Explanatory Dictionary of the Russian language” by D. N. Ushakov, reflecting not only the general trends in compiling dictionaries of this kind, but also in many ways the individual “handwriting” of the author, constitutes the research material of this study. This is manifested by the interpretation of words based on the typical situations of their use in speech while providing synonymous correlates of different functional registers and an extensive system of stylistic notes marking the boundaries of the feasible scope of the use of these lexemes in speech. Situationally oriented description of the meanings of words makes it possible to identify the dynamics of their use when compared with the data of modern lexicography (in particular, this applies to the category of feminitives receiving a new “impulse” in their comprehension and stylistic marking at the present time). The study reveals the operationality of the technique of interpreting units of the same word-formation paradigm through reference to motivators, each of which is presented in a separate dictionary entry: this allows tracing the dynamics of derived words in comparison with the words they are derived from. A special perspective of the analysis of the discursive orientation of Ushakov’s Dictionary is the interpretation of emotional-evaluative lexemes with a note (joking). In the dynamic aspect, it is this kind of connotations that can serve as indicators of language changes, in particular, marking the use of words as a manifestation of the laughing potential of language game. Of particular interest is the discursive semantization of a chronological nature, demonstrating the dynamism of the vocabulary of the language. In this regard, the article describes the processes of new archaization: the transition of words from the category of the commonly used vocabulary into the passive vocabulary at the turn of the 20th–21st centuries, as well as the secondary archaization of words that once returned from the passive vocabulary. The dynamics of linguistic processes reflected in lexicographic sources is specifically presented in modern discursive practices, in particular, in urbanonyms, in the light of which the city appears as a kind of cultural text demonstrating sociolinguistic aspects of a new understanding of the original semantics of words of different historical periods. In this way, the ergonyms of Ekaterinburg are analyzed as a reflection of the new associative processing of the meanings of words of the passive vocabulary in order to influence the worldview attitudes of the modern urban society.

About the author(s) :

Tatiana A. Gridina

Ural State Pedagogical University (Ekaterinburg, Russia)

ORCID ID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3993-5164

 

Nadezhda I. Konovalova

Ural State Pedagogical University

Ural Federal University named after the first President of Russia B. N. Yeltsin
(Ekaterinburg, Russia)

ORCID ID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8541-1014

 

Acknowledgments: The current research was carried out with financial support of the Russian Science Foundation and the Government of Sverdlovsk Region, grant No. 22-28-20075, https://rscf.ru/project/22-28-20075/.

Publication Timeline:

Date of receipt: 08.11.2023; date of publication: 30.12.2023

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